Facts come to light

An investigative judge issues an arrest warrant.

The accused appears before an investigative judge to be informed of the allegations against him or her. At this time the accused are advised of their right to remain silent and their right to counsel. This process is also known as the initial hearing or notification of investigation.

A panel of investigative judges conducts a private investigation by examining the facts of the case. The panel can range in number from one to several.

A single judge considers the merits of the case and then issues either a referral (of the case to trial) or a dismissal of the charges.

If the accused is referred to a trial chamber, a panel of five trial chamber judges then publicly hears the case.

After trial, the trial chamber reaches a judgment of either guilty or not guilty.

a) If not guilty, the accused goes free. b) If guilty, sentencing takes place.

An appeal can be made to a nine person appellate chamber.